G-Rb1 can not only alleviate the progression of early CKD by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation (Xu et al., 2017), but it can also improve CKD-related VC by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) to inhibit the Wnt/β-catenin pathway (Zhou et al., 2019). Here, PIK3R1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.