CXCL12 and prostate cancer: CXCL12 treatment stimulates the migration and invasion of prostate cancer cells, which are inhibited by the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100 and the combination of CXCR4 or CXCR7, suggesting that CXCL12-CXCR4/CXCR7 signaling axes can be potential targets for PCa intervention (Saha et al., 2017).