OSA demonstrates altered monocyte distribution-decreased classical (CD14++CD16−) but elevated intermediate (CD14+CD16+) and non-classical (CD14dim+CD16+) subsets versus healthy controls-alongside increased peripheral TH17 cells and TH17/Treg ratios correlating with disease severity (Ye et al., 2012; Ludwig et al., 2022). The gene discussed is CD14; the disease is obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.