TAM-CAF Synergistic Circuit: Adora2b activation in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) upregulates IL-1β secretion via the EPAC/CREB signaling pathway (2.9-fold increase compared to Adora2b− TAMs); IL-1β subsequently binds to IL-1R1 on CAF surfaces, activating the NF-κB pathway to promote FGF-2 production. Here, IL1B is linked to neoplasm.