Immunotherapy for gastric cancer has established a multi-stage approach centered on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICBs), with specific advances including: 1 Perioperative: Durvalumab (PD-L1 inhibitor) significantly improved pathological response rates in gastroesophageal junction cancer (21); 2 Advanced first-line therapy: Both sugemalimab and nivolumab combined with chemotherapy prolong survival in advanced gastric cancer, with more pronounced benefits observed in the PD-L1-positive subgroup (22, 23); Personalized therapy: Knockout of TRIM6 reverses ICB resistance in MSS-type GC (24). Here, TRIM6 is linked to gastric cancer.