Comparative acute-phase profiling of acute CHIKV and DENV infection also found IL-8 (and IL-4) upregulation in both infections, with CHIKV-specific downregulation of IL-13 and MCP-3 and age-associated differences; ex vivo PBMC infection recapitulated the IL-8/IL-13/MCP-3 pattern (but not IL-4) (75). This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and infection.