It seems that myeloid PDLIM2 repression is dispensable for or only plays an insufficient role in the initiation or even the early stages of COPD and ILD/IPF, since PDLIM2 mKO mice are healthy and show no phenotypes under pathogen-free conditions, including no COPD and ILD/IPF development. This evidence concerns the gene PDLIM2 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.