R3HDM4 and renal carcinoma: Methodological validation was performed using six platforms (EPIC, ESTIMATE, TIMER, MCP-Counter, QuanTIseq, xCell) across six independent cohorts (TCGA-KIRC, ICGC_EU, GSE167573, GSE22541, E-MTAB-1980, GSE29609), and convergent results supported that R3HDM4 participates in renal carcinoma immune microenvironment remodeling, potentially influencing tumor immunogenicity and treatment response (Figure 8E).