Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a frequent complication in preterm infants receiving supplemental oxygen, is characterized by hyper-activation of macrophage inflammasomes, exuberant release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-driven pyroptosis. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.