IFIT1 and infection: As shown in Figure 4, primary murine astrocytes significantly upregulated both IFIT-1 and IFIT-3 at 24 hours post-infection in response to N. meningitidis (Figure 4A and Supplementary Figures S4A, B) and S. pneumoniae (Figure 4B and Supplementary Figures S4C, D) across all tested MOIs.