BAX and eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome: While apoptosis resistance (evidenced by Bcl-2 upregulation and Bax/caspase-3 downregulation) remains a hallmark of EMs, recent studies reveal a paradoxical coexistence of aberrant apoptotic activation (Fas/FADD/Caspase-8) and inflammatory PANoptosis in ectopic lesions, suggesting novel therapeutic targets for this complex disorder.