In contrast, under castration-resistant settings, low-millimolar acetate/butyrate can signal through TLR3 to induce PCa cell autophagy, activate NF-κB/MAPK, increase CCL20, and recruit/polarize macrophages toward an M2 phenotype, in a 362-patient cohort, higher intraprostatic CCL20 associated with adverse clinicopathologic features and shorter BCR-free survival [202]. The gene discussed is CCL20; the disease is posterior cortical atrophy.