PODXL and central nervous system cancer: To interrogate if MES II cells were more prevalent in certain tumor biomes70, we explored our glioma samples in a spatial context using array-based, spatial transcriptomics RNA-sequencing (stRNA-seq) technology (10x Genomics Visium), and simultaneously visualized blood vessels, hypoxic regions, and proliferative tissue areas by immunostaining for Podocalyxin (PODXL), PIM adducts, and Ki67, respectively (Figs. 5B and S9D).