Building on our previous work, which demonstrated that L. rhamnosus and L. delbrueckii induce tolerogenic DCs with upregulated indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) expression and reduced co‐stimulatory markers (Esmaeili et al. 2018), this study evaluates their therapeutic potential in modulating Treg, Th1, and Th17 responses to restore immune balance in an in vitro SLE model. This evidence concerns the gene IDO2 and systemic lupus erythematosus.