Building on our previous work, which demonstrated that L. rhamnosus and L. delbrueckii induce tolerogenic DCs with upregulated indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) expression and reduced co‐stimulatory markers (Esmaeili et al. 2018), this study evaluates their therapeutic potential in modulating Treg, Th1, and Th17 responses to restore immune balance in an in vitro SLE model. The gene discussed is IDO1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.