SLC6A3 and substance dependence: Flavonoids such as quercetin can inhibit the activity of the dopamine transporter (DAT) to reduce the reuptake of dopamine in the synaptic cleft (120), consequently attenuating the abnormal NAc dopamine release induced by addictive substances and fundamentally weakening the substance dependence tendency caused by the “reward effect.” The weakened inhibitory function of GABAergic neurons (121) and abnormal glutamatergic projections (122) are important contributors to anxiety, tremors, and cognitive control deficits (e.g., impulsive drug use) during addiction withdrawal.