Lung cancer epitomises precision oncology, which centers on targeting molecular alterations such as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), Kirsten Rat Sarcoma Viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) G12C and Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK), found in 40%–50% of lung adenocarcinomas. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung adenocarcinoma.