TGFB1 and Infertility: We conducted a comprehensive review (PubMed search up to April 2025) using keywords related to the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis, lactate, mitophagy), infertility (IVF, embryo implantation, TCM), cancer, cytokines (IL-1, LIF, TGF-β), and hormones (estrogen, progesterone).