For example, activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) suppresses microglial hyperactivation, thereby reducing the release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1 beta (IL‐1β), which mitigates neuroinflammatory damage to dopaminergic neurons in PD. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Parkinson disease.