To investigate the mechanism by which NMNAT1 mutations lead to retinal degeneration, during the differentiation of NMNAT1-knockout iPSCs created used CRISPR/Cas9 technology into retinal organoids, the formation of the retinal primordial structure failed, confirming the important role of NMNAT1 in early retinal development 126. Here, NMNAT1 is linked to retinal degeneration.