ACE and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Although the past decade has brought substantial progress in the field of DMD therapeutics, including the use of cardioprotective agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, beta-blockers, and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) (reviewed in64), these treatments primarily serve to improve quality of life and extend life expectancy, but they do not halt the underlying disease course.