CASP5 and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the release of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β and IL-18, through crucial proteins like caspase-1 and gasdermin D. These processes disrupt intracellular homeostasis and exacerbate inflammation.[69] Recent studies have identified key PRGs (AIM2, CASP5, and NLRP6) that are closely linked to the onset and progression of CRSwNP.