CD56 bright natural killer cells are a subset of natural killer cells,[57] secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ or immunosuppressive TGFβ and interleukin-10 (IL-10), while performing cytotoxicity and participating in immune regulation.[58] Both AR and CRSwNP are chronic type 2 inflammatory diseases (especially the eosinophilic CRSwNP), involving Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), eosinophilic infiltration and tissue remodeling. Here, TGFB1 is linked to chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.