Intriguingly, an inverse relationship has been reported between anti-AQP4 autoantibodies and CXCL12 levels in NMOSD patients, suggesting a potential immunological conflict between NMOSD and glioblastoma progression eritumoral astrocytic mislocalization of AQP4, together with tumor mass effect, compromises glymphatic function by distorting perivascular spaces and compressing CSF–ISF exchange zones (Kang et al., 2015). Here, AQP4 is linked to neoplasm.