These compounds scavenge reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and modulate inflammatory (IL‐6, TNF‐α, PPAR‐γ, cyclooxygenase) and oxidative (MDA, MPO, NO, SOD, GSH) markers, offering therapeutic benefits against cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular, neurological, gastrointestinal, and hepato‐renal disorders. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.