SERPING1 and endothelial dysfunction: The earlier onset of hypertension in our patients can be attributed to the earlier exposure to close medical observation as part of the follow-up by the HAE center, as reported by Björkman et al10 In addition to the increased medical surveillance our patients undergo, it is important to highlight that the underlying endothelial dysfunction characteristic of HAE-C1INH, seen both during and between attacks, may contribute directly to the earlier onset of vascular pathologies such as hypertension.32, 33, 34