Epidemiologically, individuals with periodontitis show higher diabetes prevalence and odds than periodontally healthy controls [66]. As outlined in this review, exosomal cargo drives periodontitis and, in diabetes, appears further skewed, amplifying inflammation. In type 2 diabetes, salivary exosomal miR-25-3p is elevated and increases the population of IL-17-producing cells, which leads to periodontal inflammation and bone loss [67]. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and diabetes mellitus.