PIK3R1 and neoplasm: These vesicles stimulate HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation, and in some cases, promote tumor growth and neovascularization in vivo [56-59]. In a research by He et al., Huang CY et al., Huang W et al., and Yan et al., the pro-angiogenic effects of these exosomal miRNAs were mediated by targeting and regulating angiogenesis-associated genes and proteins, including PIK3R1 (miR-221), HS2ST1 (miR-421), PTEN (miR-130b-3p), and AMOT (miR-205-5p), thereby modulating endothelial cell behavior and the tumor microenvironment [56-59].