ACE and chronic kidney disease: TCO2: total carbon dioxide; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD-EPI: Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration; ALT: alanine transaminase; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; ALP: alkaline phosphatase; ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; CRP: C-reactive protein; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; HDL: high-density lipoprotein