NFKB1 and Cerebral ischemia: Activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway attenuates inflammation, regulates the expression of iron overload and lipid peroxidation-related proteins and the activity of antioxidant enzymes as a means of inhibiting iron death and attenuating CIRI (Wang L. L. et al., 2024); it also inhibits the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, and inhibits cerebral ischemia through the microbiome-gut-brain axis.