Among genetic factors, gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1) gene play a crucial role in predisposing individuals to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) caused by C. albicans, with a subsequent increased risk of oral cancers including OSCC. The gene discussed is STAT1; the disease is lip and oral cavity carcinoma.