Notably, the five lead DARPin TCE candidates, henceforth referred to as NY_1xCD3 through NY_5xCD3, induced a significant, dose-dependent increase in the CD8+ T cell activation marker CD25 (Figure 2A) and in IFNγ production by CD8+ T cells (Figure 2B) when co-incubated with HLA-A∗0201+/NY-ESO1157-165 (9C)-positive tumor cells. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is neoplasm.