PGF and Mental deterioration: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of endothelial injury markers, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1), and placental growth factor (PlGF), correlated strongly with cortical thinning and cognitive decline, and these relationships were more pronounced in positron emission tomography (PET) Aβ‐positive (Aβ+) participants.14