We first queried whether there is evidence of microglial activation in FRDA patients, comparing postmortem cerebellum to that of healthy controls (Fig. 1a), finding that Iba1+ microglia in the cerebellar molecular layer of FRDA patients exhibit decreased ramification complexity consistent with a more amoeboid morphology (Fig. 1b). The gene discussed is AIF1; the disease is Friedreich ataxia.