Multiple logistic regression analysis incorporating variables with p < 0.10 by univariable analysis identified two factors that remained significantly associated with HCC recurrence: extrahepatic spread or any vascular invasion (micro‐ and/or macrovascular) on explant histology (OR 6.1 [95% CI 1.1–34.0], p = 0.038) and most recent serum AFP prior to LT (OR 1.00 per 1 ng/mL [95% CI 1.00–1.01], p = 0.044). The gene discussed is AFP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.