In this study, Fei Zhu and colleagues first applied the propensity score matching method to rigorously balance the baseline data of the high GGT group and the normal control group, covering several key variables, such as sex, serum ALB, glutamate aminotransferase, macrovascular invasion, maximum tumor diameter, and tumor number, to reduce the potential interference of confounding factors. Here, GGT1 is linked to neoplasm.