An example of tumors with cytosolic gDNA is the subsets of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and endometrial, ovarian and gastric cancers with mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency—which can be caused by inherited mutations in MMR genes in the case of Lynch syndrome or sporadically owing to mutation or promoter methylation of the same genes. The gene discussed is MRC1; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.