These early studies, combined with studies that compared sarcomas that emerged in carcinogen-exposed immune competent vs deficient mice (Dunn et al, 2006; Schreiber and Podack, 2009), also suggested that genes that activate the type I interferon (IFNα and IFNβ) and type II interferon (IFNγ) pathways of the innate immune system are also suppressed during tumor editing (Dunn et al, 2006; Khong and Restifo, 2002; Vesely et al, 2011). This evidence concerns the gene IFNA1 and neoplasm.