In models separately adjusting for pre-stroke mRS, pre-stroke FI, and NIHSS at Day 1, the slopes in the group of participants with normal cognition pre-stroke remained largely unchanged and the biomarkers remained significant, while among the participants with pre-stroke cognitive impairment, the slopes were only slightly affected, but the significance was attenuated for TNF, IL-8 and MIP-1α (data only shown for TNF, IL-8 and MIP 1α, Supplementary Fig. 6–8). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is Stroke.