CD8A and neoplasm: Based on the background above, we investigated the underlying mechanisms contributing to HPD, and evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of combination therapy with TIM-3 and PD-1 inhibitors through both ID8VEGF-bearing peritoneal metastasis model and subcutaneous tumor model, and further validated the ex vivo efficacy of TIM-3 and PD-1 inhibitors in CD8+TILs and CD11c+ myeloid cells from HGSOC patients.