PDCD1 and neoplasm: Furthermore, IL-12-producing DCs play a pivotal role in the success of anti-PD-1 therapy by promoting the expansion of CD8+T cells, and exhausted CD8+TILs that failed to respond to anti-PD-1 blockade will be rescued by the antigen-presenting cells (APCs) agonist in the ID8 tumor-bearing mouse model [14–16].