Consistent with their findings, Molinaro et al. found that as 2’,5’ oligoadenosine synthase (OAS) can form 2’,5’-linked oligoadenosine (2–5A) upon the activation of viral dsRNA, under the induction of interferon, RNase L can exert antiviral and antitumor activity by binding to the allosteric effectors 5’-phosphorylated 2–5A; furthermore, RNase L mutations are risk factors for prostate cancer. The gene discussed is RNASEL; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.