In another study, it was demonstrated that inhibition of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC)-induced glycolytic reprogramming in macrophages shifts mitochondrial ATP-related oxygen consumption toward cytoplasmic lactate production, thereby enhancing NLRP3 inflammasome activation by sodium urate (MSU) crystals, suggesting that lactate may be involved in MSU crystal-induced gout attacks (Chen et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and gout.