TNF and gout: Additionally, selective HDAC3 inhibitors (such as RGFP966) have been shown to alleviate MSU crystal-induced gout inflammation in mouse models by inhibiting the TLR2/4-driven IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway, suppressing the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in MSU crystal-treated BMDMs, and shifting the gene expression of BMDMs from pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1) to anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2).