The differences in GSVA scores for the metabolic gene sets between these high and low expression groups were analyzed utilizing the limma software package, as illustrated in Figure 3A. Furthermore, we conducted a genomic enrichment analysis grounded in the KEGG genome for the differentially expressed genes identified in both expression groups, as depicted in Figure 3B. Additionally, we computed the z-score for 14 distinct tumor states using GSVA and assessed the Pearson correlation between PAK2 expression and GSVA scores. This evidence concerns the gene PAK2 and neoplasm.