MTOR and glioblastoma: Additionally, in glioma (GBM), the PLGA-CMB microbubble complex combined with ultrasound technology overcame the blood-brain barrier, enhanced drug delivery via the cavitation effect, inhibited the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and induced apoptosis in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) (Dong et al., 2022).