TGFB1 and cancer: For example, EVs from cancer-associated fibroblasts carry transcription factors like SNAI1/ZEB1 or miRNAs (e.g. miR-193a, miR-210 from bone marrow cells) that prime lung cells for invasiveness (via STAT3, Wnt, TGF-β pathways) (Zhang et al., 2021; Fan et al., 2020).