Among the 60 significantly upregulated pathways induced upon direct NSCLC cocultures, one third (21 gene sets) are associated with EC activation and pro-inflammatory signaling such as the prostaglandin synthesis, STAT3, TNF-α and complement pathways, IL-22 signaling, MHC class II proteins, and leukocyte cell adhesion (Fig. 1F). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and non-small cell lung carcinoma.