ACTB and infection: Although RNA-seq studies in orf virus-infected cells did not reveal global host mRNA degradation at later stages of infection as observed in vaccinia virus-infected cells [71, 77, 79], our RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated that selected host-capped RNAs (β-actin, SPP1, and GAPDH) were targeted by OV71 decapping activity, as their levels were reduced in vRev-WT-infected cells, but not in OV71 mutant-infected cells (Fig. 8A and C).