PIK3CA and glioma: Recent work has shown that inhibition of wild-type KRAS in BRAF-mutant melanoma can be a potential strategy to overcome resistance to BRAF inhibition, since inhibition of KRAS functions synergistically with BRAF inhibition to reduce proliferation and induce apoptosis independent of BRAF mutation status.157KRAS mutations are rare in gliomas, including glioblastomas, where alterations in the RTK/PI3K pathway are relatively common drivers.158 When present, KRAS mutations in gliomas are typically associated with a subset of pediatric low-grade gliomas rather than adult high-grade tumors.