KRAS and familial pancreatic carcinoma: KRAS is among the most frequently mutated oncogenes in human cancers, particularly in lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers.11 Most mutations are gain-of-function and single-base missense changes, with 98% occurring at codons 12 (G12), 13 (G13), and 61 (Q61).2 Codon G12 mutations are the most common, producing 3 distinct mutant subtypes: G12D (29.19%), G12V (22.17%), and G12C (13.43%).6 According to the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data, KRAS mutations appear in approximately 11.2% of all cancers, with higher rates (up to 45%) reported in other studies depending on cancer type.