CD8A and neoplasm: For example, NSCLC tumors with KRAS/STK11 comutations are associated with a “cold” tumor microenvironment (TME) that has a paucity/exclusion of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating T cells, a preponderance of T-regulatory cells, innate resistance to PD-L1 inhibition, and inferior outcomes with PD-L1 inhibitor therapy and chemoimmunotherapy.74,136,166 Tumors with cooccurring KRAS/TP53 mutations have a TME that is rich in inflammatory cells and dendritic cells.