VWF and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: While proteomic profiling has revealed multiple DEPs in IPAH, a substantial proportion of these proteins have been well documented in prior studies, such as von Willebrand factor (vWF) [11], intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1) [12], and insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) [13].