LGALS3BP and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension: ELISA analysis quantifies serum LGALS3BP levels, showing a significant increase in the IPAH group compared with controls (6.43 ± 1.73 vs. 2.33 ± 1.06 μg/mL; p < 0.001, Figure 6B), suggesting its potential as a pathogenic mediator and biomarker in IPAH.