We then investigated the effects of DYRK1A overexpression in the brain on AD-related neuroinflammatory dynamics and found that mRNA levels of AD-associated RA markers GBP2, CXCL10, DST, and NESTIN were significantly upregulated in AAV-DYRK1A-injected 3.5-month-old 5xFAD mice compared with AAV-control-injected 5xFAD mice, whereas GFAP mRNA levels were not changed (Figures 5D–H). Here, GFAP is linked to Alzheimer disease.