STAT1 and skin disorder: For instance, in a DNCB-induced AD-like mouse model, topical application of sea buckthorn oil ameliorated dermatitis severity, reduced epidermal thickness, decreased spleen and lymph node weights, and suppressed mast cell infiltration, primarily through dose-dependent inhibition of Th2 chemokines TARC and MDC via NF-κB, JAK2/STAT1, and p38-MAPK signaling pathways (Hou et al., 2017).