Clinically, interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) quantify antigen-specific IFN-γ as functional readouts of T cell priming (Katial et al., 2001), while ESAT-6/CFP-10-based platforms refine TB specificity and are being re-evaluated for immunopathological readouts (Passos et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and tuberculosis.