Consistently, enhanced p65 nuclear translocation was observed in Rab29-KO cells under both basal and GAS-infected conditions, indicating that Rab29 acts as a negative regulator of NF-κB activation during bacterial infection and basal conditions, potentially counteracting the NF-κB-promoting effects of TBC1D9 (Figures 3F–I). This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and bacterial infectious disease.