Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (OR = 0.852, 95% CI: 0.766, 0.948), AH (OR = 20.10, 95% CI: 5.361, 79.53), APTT (OR = 0.804, 95% CI: 0.658, 0.977), FDP (OR = 1.722, 95% CI: 1.234, 2.416), AT-III (OR = 1.071, 95%CI: 1.030, 1.121), and PLT (OR = 1.008, 95%CI: 1.003, 1.013) were risk factors associated with the occurrence of a false positive reaction in syphilis serology (p < 0.05). The gene discussed is SERPINC1; the disease is syphilis.