This further supports the inherent independent association between metabolic indicators (such as TyG) and mortality risk, which may not be significantly influenced by pharmacological treatments for hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia.Future studies should explore whether AMPK activators (e.g., 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) or Nrf2 inducers (e.g., sulforaphane) can mitigate the TyG-related mortality risk, particularly in high-risk subgroups such as KDM-BA ≥ 5 years. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is diabetes mellitus.